Let $p > 2$ be a prime number. In every reduced residue system modulo $p$ there are exactly $\frac{p-1}{2}$ quadratic residues modulo $p$ and exactly $\frac{p-1}{2}$ quadratic nonresidues modulo $p.$ Moreover, the $\frac{p-1}{2}$ quadratic residues are represented by the congruence classes modulo $p$ of the integers $1^2,2^2,\ldots,\left(\frac{p-1}{2}\right)^2.$
In particular, for every prime $p > 2,$ the Legendre symbol $\left(\frac{n}{p}\right)$ takes in the interval $1\le n\le p-1$ exactly $\frac{p-1}{2}$ times the value $1$ and exactly $\frac{p-1}{2}$ times the value $-1.$
Proofs: 1
Proofs: 1
