Proof: By Euclid
(related to Proposition: 6.14: Characterization of Congruent Parallelograms)
- For let the parallelogram $FE$ have been completed.
- Therefore, since parallelogram $AB$ is equal to parallelogram $BC$, and $FE$ (is) some other (parallelogram), thus as (parallelogram) $AB$ is to $FE$, so (parallelogram) $BC$ (is) to $FE$ [Prop. 5.7].
- But, as (parallelogram) $AB$ (is) to $FE$, so $DB$ (is) to $BE$, and as (parallelogram) $BC$ (is) to $FE$, so $GB$ (is) to $BF$ [Prop. 6.1].
- Thus, also, as $DB$ (is) to $BE$, so $GB$ (is) to $BF$.
- Thus, in parallelograms $AB$ and $BC$ the sides about the equal angles are reciprocally proportional.
- And so, let $DB$ be to $BE$, as $GB$ (is) to $BF$.
- I say that parallelogram $AB$ is equal to parallelogram $BC$.
- For since as $DB$ is to $BE$, so $GB$ (is) to $BF$, but as $DB$ (is) to $BE$, so parallelogram $AB$ (is) to parallelogram $FE$, and as $GB$ (is) to $BF$, so parallelogram $BC$ (is) to parallelogram $FE$ [Prop. 6.1], thus, also, as (parallelogram) $AB$ (is) to $FE$, so (parallelogram) $BC$ (is) to $FE$ [Prop. 5.11].
- Thus, parallelogram $AB$ is equal to parallelogram $BC$ [Prop. 5.9].
- Thus, in equal and equiangular parallelograms the sides about the equal angles are reciprocally proportional.
- And those equiangular parallelograms in which the sides about the equal angles are reciprocally proportional are equal.
- (Which is) the very thing it was required to show.
∎
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References
Adapted from (subject to copyright, with kind permission)
- Fitzpatrick, Richard: Euclid's "Elements of Geometry"