In the complex vector space of complex numbers over the field or real numbers, the set of vectors \(B:=\{1,i\}\) forms a basis, i.e. any complex number \(x\in\mathbb C\) can be represented by a linear combination of the vectors:
\[x=a \cdot 1+b \cdot i\]
for some real numbers \(a,b\in\mathbb R\). In particular, every complex number \(x\) can be written as \(a+bi\), where \(a\) is the real part of \(x\), also denoted by \(\Re (x)\), and \(b\) is the imaginary part of \(x\), also denoted by \(\Im (x)\).
In the following interactive figure, a complex number \(x=a+bi\) is visually represented as a pair of numbers \(a\) and \(b\) forming a vector (green) \(x\) in the complex plane.
Proofs: 1
Definitions: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Lemmas: 9
Proofs: 10 11 12 13
Propositions: 14 15 16 17
